Project: Your Experience - Research Projects
Leopards in the Lower Albany Area:
Population status and the role of The Game Reserve as a key habitat refuge.
One of our main research focus areas on the Game Reserve is our new and exciting leopard (Panthera pardus) project. The project is being undertaken in collaboration with the Centre for African Conservation Ecology of the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Leopards have been persecuted in the Eastern Cape for the last three hundred years, resulting in a decline in numbers and fragmentation of populations, placing the local population at risk of extinction. Virtually the entire landscape was hostile to them, and few leopards survived in only the most isolated areas. Recently attitudes towards large predators have shifted, and leopards are now legally protected. There has also been a recent shift in land use, with an increasing number of private nature reserves that complement the state-owned reserves in supporting conservation of biodiversity. The Game Reserve is one of the oldest of these private nature reserves. These shifts suggest that the landscape is now more leopard-friendly, with decreased persecution and increased refuge areas. This project therefore aims to assess the status of leopards in the Lower Albany area and investigate the role of the The Game Reserve as a refugee habitat for leopards, which may move across the Lower Albany area.
Specific questions to be addressed with this project include:
* How many leopards occur on The Game Reserve and in the Lower Albany area?
This will be addressed by collecting data on sightings, camera trap records and possibly genetic analysis.
* Is leopard activity in the Lower Albany area focused on conservation areas such as The Game Reserve?
This will be addressed by analysing the spatial distribution of leopard sighting records, and if resources are available, through the tracking of collared leopards
* Is there evidence for an increase in leopard numbers and wider distribution within the Lower Albany Area?
This will be addressed by relating the above-mentioned information to historical records of leopards in the study area.
Elephant Impact Monitoring:
Volunteers will help monitor elephant movement patterns, range utilization and vegetation impact with the aid of telemetry (certain individuals are fitted with radio collars). A part of this research project that volunteers are very involved with, is recording the unique ear markings of each elephant for management purposes. Elephant identification sheets are given to each volunteer, who in turn will assist the conservation department in this regard.
Lion prey selection monitoring
One of the volunteer programme’s responsibilities is to record as many lion kills as possible. This data provides the conservation department with valuable information regarding prey selection. Certain lions on the reserve are fitted with radio collars, so volunteers will learn how to use telemetry tracking.
Birds in Reserve Project (BIRP)
This project involves preparing a catalogue of the birds, bird numbers and their breeding status in the reserve as part of a project headed by the University of Cape Town’s Avian Demography Unit.
Hyena tracking and monitoring
Movement patterns and breeding rates of these interesting predators are monitored. None of the hyenas are fitted with radio collars, so it can be quite a challenge finding them on the reserve. Our recent volunteers found a den site … one of our females gave birth!
Conservation Management
Conservation management activities form a large part of the volunteer programme. Some of these activities involve physical work and therefore a certain level of determination from the volunteer’s side is required. Keep in mind that the "reserve needs" are always taken into account and you will help to fulfil those needs as a volunteer.
Daily activities are interesting and varied, and could include assistance with some of the following:
Game Counts
Sex and age ratios recordings of specific species like eland and giraffe
Alien Vegetation Control
Volunteers will assist in the eradication and control of alien (non-endemic) plant species. Bush encroachment control through selective clearing is also done in certain areas on the reserve. This aspect involves physical hard work!
Soil Erosion Control
Previous land utilization practices like cattle ranching has caused erosion gulleys in certain areas on the reserve. These sites need to be rehabilitated.
Reserve Clean-Up Operations
Volunteers assist in pulling out remaining old cattle fences and water pipes on the reserve.
Road maintenance and repairing of river crossings
Parasite control
This involves the making-up and administering of anti-parasite meds to specific species (when required by the reserve)
And any other conservation management activity that might “pop-up” at the time and the reserve requires your assistance in Volunteers may also have the opportunity to experience the following additional conservation activities:
Capturing of Wild Animals
Our recent volunteers had the AMAZING once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to assist with the capture of the following species on the reserve: elephant, lion, rhino, hyena, giraffe, wildebeest, zebra and impala!! Please remember that captures only occur when required by the reserve and not for the sake of the volunteers.
Game Introduction
There is an ongoing programme for the introduction of additional game, especially as the reserve has just acquired more land that will need to be stocked with various different African mammal species.
Fire Management
An important driving force in savanna ecosystems (depending on the time of year and fire regimes)Education / TheoryEach volunteer will be given a field booklet, which can be taken home at the end of the placement. Before you start with each practical task, the relative theoretical background on the subject will be discussed in the form of informal lectures. The theory provides insight into the value of the practical activities in which you may participate. Mammal, plant and bird checklists are included in the booklet and will help you to identify different species.
Practical education will be provided throughout your stay:
Bush Walks, Game Drives and night drives - identification and discussion of various mammals, plants and birds
Sleep Outs - Camping out in the bush around a campfire under the African sky (weather dependent)
Field Skills & Survival
Learn to look after yourself in the wild Community development We have identified an under-funded farm school near the reserve where our volunteer programme can make a real difference. The school is small, yet very under-staffed and local kids aged 4 to 15 years attend the school. Volunteers visit the school one day a week (not during school holidays or rainy days (most of the children walk about 10 km to attend school so if it rains, no one goes to school!), and make valuable contributions to the children’s education. Our volunteers take many of the classes themselves and teach 6-12 year olds subjects like English, Maths and Science. You might also help with the maintenance of the school’s facilities or by giving sport lessons to the kids. A recent group of volunteers renovated a classroom (with a completely collapsed ceiling and floorboards!) for the pre-primary school kids. Your contribution here is real, and both the children and the headmistress are very appreciative. Guaranteed to leave you with a feeling of satisfaction.